{"id":3389,"date":"2025-03-30T03:16:16","date_gmt":"2023-12-07T10:06:42","guid":{"rendered":""},"modified":"2025-02-02T00:46:20","modified_gmt":"2025-02-01T23:46:20","slug":"installation-et-configuration-de-microsoft-sql-server-sur-linux-cr-er-une-base-de-donn-es-ouvrir-les-ports-et-configurer-les-sauvegardes","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/netcloud24.com\/knowledgebase\/installation-et-configuration-de-microsoft-sql-server-sur-linux-cr-er-une-base-de-donn-es-ouvrir-les-ports-et-configurer-les-sauvegardes\/","title":{"rendered":"Installation et configuration de Microsoft SQL Server sur Linux : Cr\u00e9er une base de donn\u00e9es, ouvrir les ports et configurer les sauvegardes"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u00a0<\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/p>\n

Introduction<\/h2>\n

Microsoft SQL Server est un syst\u00e8me de gestion de base de donn\u00e9es relationnelle (SGBDR) puissant traditionnellement associ\u00e9 \u00e0 Windows. Cependant, Microsoft a \u00e9tendu son support \u00e0 Linux, permettant aux utilisateurs d’ex\u00e9cuter SQL Server sur diverses plateformes. Ce guide vous accompagnera \u00e0 travers le processus d’installation de Microsoft SQL Server sur Linux, de cr\u00e9ation d’une base de donn\u00e9es, d’ouverture des ports pour les connexions distantes, de configuration des sauvegardes et de cr\u00e9ation de scripts pour l’automatisation.<\/p>\n

\u00c9tape 1 : Installer Microsoft SQL Server sur Linux<\/h2>\n

Pour installer Microsoft SQL Server sur un syst\u00e8me Linux, suivez ces \u00e9tapes :<\/p>\n

    \n
  1. Mettez \u00e0 jour votre syst\u00e8me :<\/strong>\n
    sudo apt-get update<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/li>\n
  2. Installez le package SQL Server :<\/strong>\n
    sudo apt-get install -y mssql-server<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/li>\n
  3. Ex\u00e9cutez la configuration :<\/strong>\n
    sudo \/opt\/mssql\/bin\/mssql-conf setup<\/code><\/pre>\n
    Pendant la configuration, vous serez invit\u00e9 \u00e0 accepter les termes de la licence et \u00e0 d\u00e9finir le mot de passe de l’administrateur syst\u00e8me (SA).<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
  4. V\u00e9rifiez l’installation :<\/strong>\n
    systemctl status mssql-server<\/code><\/pre>\n
    Cette commande affiche l’\u00e9tat du service SQL Server. Assurez-vous qu’il est en cours d’ex\u00e9cution.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
    \u00c9tape 2 : Cr\u00e9er une base de donn\u00e9es<\/h2>\n
    Une fois SQL Server install\u00e9, vous pouvez cr\u00e9er une base de donn\u00e9es en suivant ces \u00e9tapes :<\/p>\n
      \n
    1. Connectez-vous \u00e0 SQL Server :<\/strong>\n
      sqlcmd -S localhost -U SA -P 'VotreMotDePasse'<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/li>\n
    2. Cr\u00e9ez une nouvelle base de donn\u00e9es :<\/strong>\n
      CREATE DATABASE TestDB;<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/li>\n
    3. V\u00e9rifiez la cr\u00e9ation de la base de donn\u00e9es :<\/strong>\n
      SELECT Name FROM sys.databases;<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
      \u00c9tape 3 : Ouvrir les ports pour les connexions distantes<\/h2>\n
      Pour autoriser les connexions distantes \u00e0 votre instance SQL Server, vous devez ouvrir le port appropri\u00e9 (par d\u00e9faut 1433) sur votre pare-feu Linux.<\/p>\n
        \n
      1. Ouvrez le port :<\/strong>\n
        sudo ufw allow 1433\/tcp<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/li>\n
      2. Activez le pare-feu :<\/strong>\n
        sudo ufw enable<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/li>\n
      3. V\u00e9rifiez l’\u00e9tat du pare-feu :<\/strong>\n
        sudo ufw status<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
        \u00c9tape 4 : Configurer les sauvegardes<\/h2>\n
        Les sauvegardes r\u00e9guli\u00e8res sont essentielles pour la protection des donn\u00e9es. Voici comment configurer des sauvegardes automatiques :<\/p>\n
          \n
        1. Cr\u00e9ez un r\u00e9pertoire de sauvegarde :<\/strong>\n
          sudo mkdir \/var\/opt\/mssql\/backup<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/li>\n
        2. D\u00e9finissez les permissions :<\/strong>\n
          sudo chown mssql:mssql \/var\/opt\/mssql\/backup<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/li>\n
        3. Cr\u00e9ez un script de sauvegarde :<\/strong>\n
          sudo nano \/usr\/local\/bin\/backup_db.sh<\/code><\/pre>\n
          Ajoutez le contenu suivant au script :<\/p>\n
          #!\/bin\/bash\r\nsqlcmd -S localhost -U SA -P 'VotreMotDePasse' -Q \"BACKUP DATABASE TestDB TO DISK = '\/var\/opt\/mssql\/backup\/TestDB.bak'\"\r\n            <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/li>\n
        4. Rendez le script ex\u00e9cutable :<\/strong>\n
          sudo chmod +x \/usr\/local\/bin\/backup_db.sh<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/li>\n
        5. Planifiez la sauvegarde avec cron :<\/strong>\n
          crontab -e<\/code><\/pre>\n
          Ajoutez la ligne suivante pour planifier une sauvegarde quotidienne \u00e0 2 heures du matin :<\/p>\n
          0 2 * * * \/usr\/local\/bin\/backup_db.sh<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
          \u00c9tape 5 : Automatiser les t\u00e2ches avec des scripts<\/h2>\n
          Vous pouvez automatiser diverses t\u00e2ches \u00e0 l’aide de scripts. Par exemple, pour automatiser les t\u00e2ches de maintenance de la base de donn\u00e9es, vous pouvez cr\u00e9er un script et le planifier avec cron.<\/p>\n
            \n
          1. Cr\u00e9ez un script de maintenance :<\/strong>\n
            sudo nano \/usr\/local\/bin\/db_maintenance.sh<\/code><\/pre>\n
            Ajoutez le contenu suivant au script :<\/p>\n
            #!\/bin\/bash\r\nsqlcmd -S localhost -U SA -P 'VotreMotDePasse' -Q \"DBCC CHECKDB('TestDB') WITH NO_INFOMSGS, ALL_ERRORMSGS\"\r\n            <\/code><\/pre>\n<\/li>\n
          2. Rendez le script ex\u00e9cutable :<\/strong>\n
            sudo chmod +x \/usr\/local\/bin\/db_maintenance.sh<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/li>\n
          3. Planifiez le script avec cron :<\/strong>\n
            crontab -e<\/code><\/pre>\n
            Ajoutez la ligne suivante pour planifier l’ex\u00e9cution hebdomadaire du script :<\/p>\n
            0 3 * * 1 \/usr\/local\/bin\/db_maintenance.sh<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
            Conclusion<\/h2>\n
            En suivant ce guide, vous avez r\u00e9ussi \u00e0 installer Microsoft SQL Server sur un syst\u00e8me Linux, \u00e0 cr\u00e9er une base de donn\u00e9es, \u00e0 ouvrir les ports pour les connexions distantes, \u00e0 configurer des sauvegardes automatiques et \u00e0 cr\u00e9er des scripts pour l’automatisation. Ces \u00e9tapes vous aideront \u00e0 g\u00e9rer efficacement votre instance SQL Server et \u00e0 garantir la s\u00e9curit\u00e9 et l’accessibilit\u00e9 de vos donn\u00e9es.<\/p>\n
            Pour des configurations et des optimisations plus avanc\u00e9es, consultez la documentation officielle de Microsoft SQL Server sur Linux<\/a>.<\/p>\n
            \n
            Author:<\/strong> \u0141ukasz Bodziony<\/p>\n
            Website:<\/strong> Windows VPS<\/a><\/p>\n
            \u0141ukasz Bodziony is the CEO and founder of NETCLOUD24<\/a>, a global VPS hosting brand proudly originating from Poland. With extensive experience in cloud computing, virtualization, and server management, he delivers high-performance Windows VPS<\/strong> and Remote Desktop Services (RDS)<\/strong> solutions to clients across Europe, North America, and beyond.<\/em><\/p>\n
            His expertise covers a wide range of technologies, including Microsoft Azure<\/strong>, Proxmox VE<\/strong>, Amazon Web Services (AWS)<\/strong>, and numerous other virtualization and cloud platforms.<\/em><\/p>\n
            Beyond running his hosting business, \u0141ukasz also provides professional paid server configuration and optimization services<\/strong> for companies and individuals. Outside of work, he is dedicated to caring for his children and building a secure future for them.<\/em><\/p>\n
            If you are interested in working with him or need expert assistance with your hosting, cloud environment, or server setup, feel free to reach out via Windows VPS<\/a>.<\/em><\/p>\n<\/p><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
            \u00a0 \u00a0 Introduction Microsoft SQL Server est un syst\u00e8me de gestion de base de donn\u00e9es relationnelle (SGBDR) puissant traditionnellement associ\u00e9 \u00e0 Windows. Cependant, Microsoft a \u00e9tendu son support\u2026<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":3421,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_seopress_robots_primary_cat":"","_seopress_titles_title":"","_seopress_titles_desc":"","_seopress_robots_index":"","footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":false,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"font":"","enabled":false},"version":2}},"categories":[],"tags":[14,12,11,23,20,21,22,17,7,8,6,10,18,19,15,24,16,5,13,9],"class_list":["post-3389","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","tag-cheapvps","tag-cloudvps","tag-hostingvps","tag-rds","tag-rdscal","tag-remotedesktop","tag-remotedesktopvps","tag-servervps","tag-ukvps","tag-virtualserver","tag-vpshosting","tag-vpsserver","tag-vpssolutions","tag-vpswindows","tag-vpswithwindows","tag-windowsrds","tag-windowsserver","tag-windowsvps","tag-windowsvpshosting","tag-windowsvpsuk"],"jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/netcloud24.com\/knowledgebase\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3389","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/netcloud24.com\/knowledgebase\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/netcloud24.com\/knowledgebase\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/netcloud24.com\/knowledgebase\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/netcloud24.com\/knowledgebase\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3389"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/netcloud24.com\/knowledgebase\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3389\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/netcloud24.com\/knowledgebase\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/3421"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/netcloud24.com\/knowledgebase\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3389"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/netcloud24.com\/knowledgebase\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3389"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/netcloud24.com\/knowledgebase\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3389"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}